Here are the common types of flanges,
explained simply and clearly:
1. Weld Neck Flange (WN)
Description: Has a long tapered neck that is welded to the pipe.
Use: High-pressure, high-temperature systems.
Advantage: Very strong; reduces stress at the base of the flange.
Common Industries: Oil & gas, power plants, petrochemical.
2. Slip-On Flange (SO)
Description: Slips over the pipe, then welded on the inside and outside.
Use: Low-pressure applications where welding is easier.
Advantage: Easy to align and install.
Limitation: Less strength than weld neck flanges.
3. Blind Flange (BL)
Description: A solid plate (no hole in the middle) that closes the end of a pipe.
Use: Sealing off pipe ends, valves, or pressure vessel openings.
Advantage: Allows easy access to the pipe for maintenance or pressure testing.
4. Socket Weld Flange (SW)
Description: The pipe is inserted into a socket and then fillet welded around the joint.
Use: Small-diameter, high-pressure pipelines.
Advantage: Smooth bore for better flow; good for smaller pipe systems.
5. Threaded Flange (TH)
Description: Has internal threads; screws onto a pipe without welding.
Use: Low-pressure, non-critical applications.
Advantage: Easy installation; no welding required.
Limitation: Not good for high-temperature or high-pressure.
6. Lap Joint Flange (LJ)
Description: Works with a stub end; the flange is loose and not welded to the pipe.
Use: Systems that require frequent disassembly.
Advantage: Easy alignment and rotation; cost-effective for special materials.
7. Long Weld Neck Flange (LWN)
Description: Similar to weld neck but with a longer neck.
Use: Pressure vessels and high-pressure systems.
Advantage: Acts like an extension of the pipe or vessel nozzle.
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