Question: Why is stainless steel resistant to rust?
Answer: Stainless steel contains at least 10.5% chromium, which forms a passive layer of chromium oxide on the surface, preventing further oxidation (rusting).
Question: What is the purpose of quenching during the heat treatment of steel?
Answer: Quenching cools the steel rapidly to lock in the high-temperature structure (often martensite), thereby hardening the steel due to the transformation of austenite into a harder, less ductile phase.
Question: Why might the heat-affected zone (HAZ) in a welded joint be weaker than the parent metal?
Answer: The HAZ undergoes thermal cycles that can alter its microstructure, potentially leading to grain growth, phase transformations, or residual stresses, which might make it more prone to brittleness or cracking.
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