What techniques would you use to characterize a material's surface

What techniques would you use to characterize a material's surface? 

Techniques include:SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) for surface morphology.AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) for nanoscale surface features.XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) for chemical composition of the surface.TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) for internal structure at the nanoscale, but it requires thin samples.